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Objective:To establish the normal reference value of lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) under quantitative CT (QCT) in Chinese healthy adult females and to explore the regional differences.Methods:Total of 35 431 healthy women who met the inclusion criteria of Chinese health quantitative CT big data program were selected in this study. The BMD of the central plane of L 1 and L 2 vertebrae was measured by Mindways′s QCT system, and the mean value was taken. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the BMD differences of lumbar vertebrae in women of different ages and regions. The subjects were grouped by an age interval of 10 years, and the level of BMD in different regions of the same age group were compaired. Results:The peak BMD of Chinese healthy adult women appeared in the age group of 20-29 years (Northeast China(183.01±24.58) mg/cm 3, North China (188.93±24.80) mg/cm 3, East China (187.54±27.71) mg/cm 3, South China (186.22±33.72) mg/cm 3, Central China (176.33±24.91) mg/cm 3, Southwest China(182.25±28.00) mg/cm 3), and then it decreased with age. The level of BMD in different regions decreased with the age. Before the age of 70 years, BMD in Central and Southwest China was always at a low level((176.23±24.91) to (90.38±28.12) mg/cm 3, 182.25±28.00 to (88.55±25.68) mg/cm 3), lower than those in Northeast China ((183.01±24.58) to (99.69±27.85) mg/cm 3), North China ((188.93±24.80) to (95.89±26.12) mg/cm 3), East China ((187.54±27.71) to (95.65±27.86) mg/cm 3). After 70 years of age, BMD tended to be the same in different regions ( P>0.05). The BMD values in Central China and Southwest China were similar in the age group of 40-60 years ( P>0.05). The BMD values in the health adult femles in the age group of 60 years in different regions of Chinawere all lower than those of bone mass abnormality (all P<0.05). The detection rate of osteoporosis in females over 50 years was the highest in Southwest China (25.65%) and it was the lowest in North China (17.30%). Conclusions:This study establishes reference values of BMD under QCT in healthy Chinese women, which can be used as a reference basis for identifying women with low BMD who are at risk of osteoporosis. The BMD value is the lowest in Southwest China and the highest in South China.
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Objective@#This study aimed to analyze the influencing factors of cerebral hemodynamics index (CVHI) and provide evidence on early warning of stroke in ethnic minorities (Tujia, Buyi, Dong, Miao).@*Methods@#From April 2017 to April 2019, ethnic minorities were examined in the Health Management Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University to determine the nationality, age, sex, medical history (such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes) and menstruation in women; measure physiological indexes, such as height and weight, and biochemical indexes, such as blood glucose, blood lipid, and serum uric acid levels; and conduct CVHI and bilateral arm ankle pulse wave conduction velocity (baPWV) detection. The CVHI integral was calculated and divided into normal CVHI group (≥75 points) and abnormal CVHI group (<75 points) to describe the characteristics of population distribution and analyze the related influencing factors of CVHI.@*Results@#A total of 1 236 individuals belonging to ethnic minorities [age, 52.0±9.0 years; 575 men (46.52%) and 661 women (53.48%)]were included in the study. In ethnic minorities, 35.11% had abnormal CVHI. There was no significant difference in abnormal CVHI among ethnic groups, from highest to lowest, in Buyi nationality (38.22%), Miao nationality (37.93%), Dong nationality (32.70%), and Tujia nationality (32.36%). Minority women, menopausal patients, and patients with history of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia more frequently had abnormal CVHI than men and non-menopausal and normal women (43.57%, 47.48%, and 57.66%, 76.19%, and 54.00% vs. 25.39%, 39.51%, and 32.30% 35.31%, and 34.74%, P<0.05). The mean BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and FPG and TG levels, baPWV in the abnormal CVHI group were higher than those in the normal CVHI group, and height was lower the abnormal CVHI group than that in the normal group (P<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that height (r=0.309) was positively correlated with CVHI integral and SBP (r=-0.239), DBP (r=-0.189), and baPWV (r=-0.184) were negatively correlated with CVHI integral (P<0.001). The higher the height, the higher the CVHI and the lower the risk of stroke, and the higher the SBP, DBP, and baPWV, the lower the CVHI score and the higher the risk of stroke. The factor logistic regression analysis showed that old age (OR, 1.992; 95%CI, 1.405-2.825); female sex (OR, 2.240; 95%CI, 1.750-2.866); history of hypertension (OR, 3.363; 95%CI, 1.665-6.791), menopause (OR, 1.384; 95%CI, 1.016-1.885), and high SBP (OR, 1.031; 95%CI, 1.019-1.044), BMI (OR, 1.091; 95%CI, 1.048-1.135), FPG level (OR, 1.169; 95%CI, 1.017-1.344), and baPWV (OR, 1.002; 95%CI, 1.001-1.002) were risk factors for abnormal CVHI, and increased height (OR, 0.936; 95%CI 0.920-0.952) was the protective factor.@*Conclusion@#Individuals in ethnic minorities frequently have abnormal CVHI. The main risk factors of CVHI are the elderly, female, history of hypertension, menopause, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, fasting blood glucose and baPWV. It is necessary to strengthen the health management of ethnic minority gathering places, controling body weight, regularly monitoring of blood pressure and blood glucose and lipid levels, and examing cerebral vascular hemodynamics.
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Objective:This study aimed to analyze the influencing factors of cerebral hemodynamics index (CVHI) and provide evidence on early warning of stroke in ethnic minorities (Tujia, Buyi, Dong, Miao).Methods:From April 2017 to April 2019, ethnic minorities were examined in the Health Management Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University to determine the nationality, age, sex, medical history (such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes) and menstruation in women; measure physiological indexes, such as height and weight, and biochemical indexes, such as blood glucose, blood lipid, and serum uric acid levels; and conduct CVHI and bilateral arm ankle pulse wave conduction velocity (baPWV) detection. The CVHI integral was calculated and divided into normal CVHI group (≥75 points) and abnormal CVHI group (<75 points) to describe the characteristics of population distribution and analyze the related influencing factors of CVHI.Results:A total of 1 236 individuals belonging to ethnic minorities [age, 52.0±9.0 years; 575 men (46.52%) and 661 women (53.48%)]were included in the study. In ethnic minorities, 35.11% had abnormal CVHI. There was no significant difference in abnormal CVHI among ethnic groups, from highest to lowest, in Buyi nationality (38.22%), Miao nationality (37.93%), Dong nationality (32.70%), and Tujia nationality (32.36%). Minority women, menopausal patients, and patients with history of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia more frequently had abnormal CVHI than men and non-menopausal and normal women (43.57%, 47.48%, and 57.66%, 76.19%, and 54.00% vs. 25.39%, 39.51%, and 32.30% 35.31%, and 34.74%, P<0.05). The mean BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and FPG and TG levels, baPWV in the abnormal CVHI group were higher than those in the normal CVHI group, and height was lower the abnormal CVHI group than that in the normal group ( P<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that height ( r=0.309) was positively correlated with CVHI integral and SBP ( r=-0.239), DBP ( r=-0.189), and baPWV ( r=-0.184) were negatively correlated with CVHI integral ( P<0.001). The higher the height, the higher the CVHI and the lower the risk of stroke, and the higher the SBP, DBP, and baPWV, the lower the CVHI score and the higher the risk of stroke. The factor logistic regression analysis showed that old age ( OR, 1.992; 95% CI, 1.405-2.825); female sex ( OR, 2.240; 95% CI, 1.750-2.866); history of hypertension ( OR, 3.363; 95% CI, 1.665-6.791), menopause ( OR, 1.384; 95% CI, 1.016-1.885), and high SBP ( OR, 1.031; 95% CI, 1.019-1.044), BMI ( OR, 1.091; 95% CI, 1.048-1.135), FPG level ( OR, 1.169; 95% CI, 1.017-1.344), and baPWV ( OR, 1.002; 95% CI, 1.001-1.002) were risk factors for abnormal CVHI, and increased height ( OR, 0.936; 95% CI 0.920-0.952) was the protective factor. Conclusion:Individuals in ethnic minorities frequently have abnormal CVHI. The main risk factors of CVHI are the elderly, female, history of hypertension, menopause, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, fasting blood glucose and baPWV. It is necessary to strengthen the health management of ethnic minority gathering places, controling body weight, regularly monitoring of blood pressure and blood glucose and lipid levels, and examing cerebral vascular hemodynamics.
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Objective To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of perimenopausal syndrome (MPS) and natural menopause women age 40-60 years in Guiyang city, with the purpose of providing information for planning care for menopausal women. Methods A convenient sampling was conducted among 40-60 years old healthy women visiting the three Medical Examination Centers of affiliated hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 1594 subjects were interviewed using a self-designed questionnaire. Improved Kupperman Scale was used to evaluate the MPS. Results The percentage of MPS in the 40-60 years old women is 61.60%, of them, the proportion of mild, moderate and severe cases were 38.96%, 21.52% and 1.13% respectively. Mild and moderate account for the most cases. The top 5 symptoms of MPS were:mood agitation (60.85%), wakefulness (58.22%), muscle or joint ache (57.40%) , fatigue (57.09%) and dizziness (48.68%). The incidence of MPS was related to the following factors: age, marital status, degree of education, family monthly income, current menstrual conditions, age of first sexual life and the frequency of pregnancies and deliveries. The occurrence of MPS were associated with age, educational status,family income,current menstruation condition, age of first sexual intercourse and number of pregnancies. As age increases, the severity of MPS arise. With menstrual changes from normal to irregular and menopause, the rate and severity of MPS increased. With the frequency of pregnancies increases, the possibility of moderate and severe degree of PMS increase. The natural menopause age of healthy women in Guiyang was 49.17 ± 3.12. Conclusion The occurrence of perimenopausal syndrome was related to age,current menstruation condition and frequency of pregnancies. Care for perimenopausal period should start as early as possible.